Hail record in Paje: What does science say about this historic event?

On September 25, 2024, a historic meteorological event occurred in Paje, in Rio Grande do Sul: the largest hail ever recorded in Brazil, with a diameter of 14.6 cm, fell in the town of Corridor dos Brasil. This impressive record exceeds the previous one of 13 cm, which was recorded in Barra do Ribeiro, also in Republika Srpska, in April 2023. This phenomenon was the result of a supercell storm, an extremely powerful and rare type of storm.

Supercell storms have a rotating structure called a mesocyclone, which facilitates the formation of large hailstones and other extreme phenomena, such as tornadoes and severe storms. This supercell formed in Uruguay and moved to southern Brazil, affecting several locations in Rio Grande do Sul with giant hailstones.

Understanding the Hail Formation

For hail to form, the presence of cumulonimbus clouds is necessary. Inside these clouds, strong air currents raise water droplets to altitudes where the temperature is very low, causing these droplets to freeze. As these icicles rise and fall within the cloud, they accumulate more layers of ice until they reach a weight that causes them to fall. The strength of the updraft is crucial to the final size of the hailstones.

The importance of prevention in climate events

The frequency of extreme weather events, such as the recent record-breaking hail storm, highlights the need for effective prevention strategies. Preventive measures can not only reduce harm but also save lives. Preparedness and rapid response are critical in mitigating the devastating effects of severe storms.

Discover Prevots

PREVOTS (Predicting and Recording Extreme Events and Other Severe Storms) is an initiative of meteorologists focused on documenting, studying and forecasting severe storms in Brazil. As extreme events become more frequent, the role of PREVOTS is critical to educate and prepare populations to deal with these adversities, promoting safety and resilience.

Prevots main tasks

• Documenting the severe storm: Collect detailed data on extreme weather events.
• Research weather phenomena: Analyze the processes involved in the formation of severe storms.
• Storm forecast: Using climate models to predict potentially dangerous events.
• Education of the population: Awareness campaigns to introduce risks and security procedures.

Why are Supercell storms so dangerous?

Supercell thunderstorms are known for their destructive power. They contain a rotating updraft called a mesocyclone, which is vital for the formation of large hailstones, as well as enabling tornadoes and severe storms. The supercell that struck Baji is a clear example of the destructive potential of these storms.

Safety measures during a hail storm

To reduce risks during a hailstorm, it is important to follow some precautions:

• Find shelter: Stay inside and avoid being outside.
• Vehicle protection: Park the car in covered areas to protect against damage.
• Window protection: Use curtains or blinds to avoid flying glass.
• Avoid flood-prone areas: Stay away from places that can quickly become flooded.

Prepare for extreme weather events

The record cold fall in Paji underscores the importance of continued preparedness to confront extreme meteorological phenomena. Initiatives like PREVOTS are essential to reduce harm and enhance public safety and community resilience. With adequate knowledge and preventive measures, it is possible to reduce the effects of these storms and protect lives and property.